Equipment for artificial intelligence

Issued as Final report, Project G-36-66

A computer memory for current events

Issued as Progress reports [1-2], and Final report, Project no. G-36-66

The role of experience in common sense and expert problem solving

Issued as Progress reports [nos. 1-5], Reports [nos. 1-6], and Final report, Project no. G-36-617 (includes Projects nos. GIT-ICS-87/26, GIT-ICS-85/19, and GIT-ICS-85/18

Systematizing Scaffolding for Problem-Based Learning: A View from Case-Based Reasoning

Current theories and models of education often argue that instruction is best administered when knowledge is situated within a context. Problem-based learning (PBL) provides an approach to education that has particularly powerful affordances for learning disciplinary content and practices by solving authentic problems within a discipline. However, not all implementations of PBL have been equally successful at fostering such learning, and some argue that this form of instruction is beyond the capabilities of novices. We revisit the theoretical foundations of PBL and call on the theoretical foundations of case-based reasoning (CBR) to help us identify the reasons many PBL implementations do not succeed as well as expected. Based on that analysis, we suggest priorities for facilitator scaffolding during PBL, ways well-curated case libraries can expose novices to new experiences and help them direct attention to important variables that require additional investigation, and ways case-authoring tools can help foster the kinds of reflection needed for learning from problem-solving experiences. Finally, we discuss challenges that, if addressed, will support even more effective PBL implementations

Robust interaction and natural problem solving in advice-giving systems

Issued as final reportNational Science Foundation (U.S.

Roles of a case library as a collaborative tool for fostering argumentation

We tried to create an environment conducive to learning argumentation skills by combining collaborative use of case libraries with teacher facilitation of an appropriate kind. We present here the way we designed the environment, including the case library we created and the role of the teacher. The role of the case library in facilitating both collaboration and construction and evaluation of arguments i analyzed through examples. While preliminary, our analysis suggests (i) several principles for designing a case library as an invitation to interpretation a d (ii) that integration of such a tool into the classroom provides a viable way of supporting creation of better arguments, learning o

Author Correction: A consensus-based transparency checklist.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper

A consensus-based transparency checklist

We present a consensus-based checklist to improve and document the transparency of research reports in social and behavioural research. An accompanying online application allows users to complete the form and generate a report that they can submit with their manuscript or post to a public repository

Case-based reasoning : inference methods and support resources

Issued as final reportLockhee